Fri Sep 06 2024

50 articles - From Friday Aug 30 2024 to Friday Sep 06 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Clin Nutr

Efficacy of lifestyle weight loss interventions on regression to normoglycemia and progression to type 2 diabetes in individuals with prediabetes: a systematic review and pairwise and dose-response meta-analyses.

Over a median duration of 24 months, with weight loss ranging from 1% to 9%, the relationship between weight loss and the progression to type 2 diabetes, as well as the regression to normoglycemia, follows a linear pattern. Any form of lifestyle weight loss interventions including diet, exercise, or a combination of both, can have beneficial impacts on participants with prediabetes. Protocol registration PROSPERO (CRD42023465322).

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Total energy expenditure measured using doubly labeled water in adults with major chronic diseases: A systematic review.

Energy requirements vary across chronic diseases, although there is insufficient evidence to suggest that TEE is different than controls. Further research is needed to inform energy requirement recommendations that consider chronic disease.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Meta-analysis of the Therapeutic Impact of Cannabinoids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

This meta-analysis of clinical trials suggests that cannabinoids are associated with improved quality of life in both CD and UC, as well as improved disease activity but not inflammation.

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Systematic Review: Practices and Programs in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Transition Care.

Transition- and medical-related outcomes for adolescents with IBD have been shown to benefit from structured transition programs but practices vary greatly between centers. There is no current standardized transition model for patients with IBD prompting further research to guide future development of guidelines and models of care.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

Advancing nutrition knowledge, skills, and attitudes in medical education and training: key themes and recommendations from the 2023 Summit.

However, a deficiency in nutrition education persists in medical education, rendering physicians ill-prepared to address the vital role of nutrition in health and disease. This article summarizes the key themes and recommendations generated during the Summit on Medical Education in Nutrition, hosted in March 2023 by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in collaboration with American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine and Association of American Medical Colleges.

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Associations between dietary one-carbon metabolism nutrients, genetic risk, with Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study.

In this prospective cohort study, we found that higher intake of OCM nutrients is associated with a reduced risk of AD. Participants with a high genetic risk of AD are more likely to benefit from dietary OCM nutrients intake.

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Clinical and biochemical responses to treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition: a multicenter observational cohort from the OptiDiag study.

Children with combined deficits had higher rates of iron deficiency and wasting while those with low WHZ alone and combined deficits had higher rates of tachypnea and pneumonia during treatment. Given the comparable treatment responses of children with low WHZ alone and those with low MUAC alone, and the greater vulnerability at admission and during treatment in those with combined deficits, our findings support retaining WHZ as an independent diagnostic and admission criterion of SAM, alongside MUAC.

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Effect of spirulina on risk of hospitalization among patients with COVID-19: the TOGETHER randomized trial.

Spirulina has no any clinical benefits as an outpatient therapy for COVID-19 compared with placebo with respect to reducing the retention in an emergency setting or COVID-19-related hospitalization. There are no differences between spirulina and placebo for other secondary outcomes.

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Flavonoid intakes, COPD, adult asthma, and lung function: a cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Moderate to high flavonoid intakes were associated with a lower risk of COPD and better lung function, particularly among ever smokers. Promoting intakes of healthy flavonoid-rich foods, namely tea, apples and berries, may improve respiratory health and lower COPD risk, particularly in individuals with a history of smoking.

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Food Processing According to the NOVA Classification is Not Associated with Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load: Results from an Analysis of 1,995 Food Items.

Across analyzed foods, GI and GL did not differ between processing levels, with mixed findings for grains and vegetables. Any potential adverse outcomes associated with UPF are unlikely to be related to effects on glycemia.

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Leucine requirement determined in healthy young adult males using the indicator amino acid oxidation method.

The leucine requirement of young adult males is approximately 34 mg⋅kg -1 ⋅d -1 which aligns with previously published tracer balance experiments. Clinical trials registry # NCT05394155, Data described in the manuscript, code book, and analytic code will be made available upon request pending application and approval, and payment.

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Perspective on the health value of carbohydrate-rich foods: glycemic index and load; fiber and whole grains.

Furthermore, the term "whole grains" that refers to "whole grain flour" limits the exploration of "intact" grains that are low GI and have useful physiological effects. We conclude that al these determinants of the health values of carbohydrate-rich foods should be used in combination to assess the health value of carbohydrate-rich foods.

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The Anabolic Response to a Ground Beef Patty and Soy-Based Meat Alternative: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Consumption of a 4 oz beef patty stimulates muscle and whole -body protein synthesis more than a 4 oz SBMA patty and similarly to 8 oz of SBMA.

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The association of a low-inflammatory diet with the trajectory of multimorbidity: a large community-based longitudinal study.

Adherence to a low-inflammatory diet was associated with decreased multimorbidity risk (hazard ratio [HR 60 years). A low-inflammatory diet may prolong chronic disease-free survival time.

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The carbon isotope ratio of breath is elevated by short-term and long-term added sugar and animal protein intake in a controlled feeding study.

The breath CIR is a promising measure of long-term intakes of AS and AP, especially as proportional intakes. Approaches to increase specificity would benefit the further development of this biomarker.

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Trends in Non-sugar Sweeteners Use among U.S. Adults by Chronic Diseases Presence, 1999 to March 2020.

NSS use increased from 1999 to 2006, then decreased until March 2020 among entire U.S. adults and individuals with or without chronic diseases. Moreover, NSS use was generally higher among individuals with chronic diseases during study periods.

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What would happen in the United States if there were no cow milk-based preterm infant nutritional products: Historical perspective and evaluation of nutrient-related challenges.

In the long-term greater availability and support for the use of human milk-based products is needed. However, policy makers cannot assume that PCMBPs will not be critically needed and should identify strategies for their continued marketplace availability.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Communicating Information Regarding IBD Remission to Patients: Evidence From a Survey of Adult Patients in the United States.

Our study confirms that patients tend to define remission in terms of resolving symptoms. We found little evidence of barriers preventing patients from discussing remission with their healthcare professionals. This suggests that educational material could be used to resolve this discrepancy in understanding.

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Endoscopic Skipping, Stricturing, and Penetrating Complications in Crohn's Disease on Tandem Ileo-colonoscopy and Cross-sectional Imaging: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Ileo-colonoscopy missed detection of active CD in approximately one-fifth of cases due to more proximal disease location. Stricturing disease might be missed in more than a third of cases if cross-sectional imaging is not performed.

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How Does an Integrated Pharmacist Add Value in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Era of Values-Based Healthcare?

These data can be used to further build a case for those seeking to add pharmacists to their team/services. Future studies should focus on evaluating the impact of an integrated IBD pharmacist on quality-of-care delivery together with the clinical and financial value added to IBD services compared to services that lack an integrated IBD pharmacist role.

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Induction of Endoscopic Response, Remission, and Ulcer-Free Endoscopy With Upadacitinib Is Associated With Improved Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life in Patients With Crohn's Disease.

Early improvement in endoscopic outcomes after UPA induction treatment was associated with long-term meaningful improvements in clinical outcomes and QoL in patients with CD. U-EXCEED induction trial (NCT03345836), U-EXCEL induction trial (NCT03345849), and U-ENDURE maintenance trial (NCT03345823).

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Psychiatric Comorbidity Does Not Enhance Prescription Opioid Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease as It Does in the General Population.

The use of opioids is more common in people with IBD than in people without IBD. This does not appear to be driven by psychiatric comorbidity.

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J Crohns Colitis

Achievement of Endoscopic Remission After Induction Reduces Hospitalization Burden in Crohn's Disease: Findings From a Pooled Post Hoc Analysis of Risankizumab and Upadacitinib Phase III Trials.

Week 12 endoscopic remission is independently associated with reducing 52-week disease-related hospitalizations. However, achieving this stringent endpoint within 12 weeks of therapy may be challenging. Endoscopic response may be a more realistic early endoscopic target in the post-induction timeframe. Additional research is needed to evaluate early achievement of alternative endoscopic endpoints in CD.

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Deficiency in epithelium RAD50 aggravates UC via IL-6-mediated JAK½-STAT3 signaling and promotes development of colitis-associated cancer in mice.

RAD50 exerts anti-IL-6-related inflammatory effects in colitis and suppresses CAC. Increasing RAD50 level in colon tissues may be promising for treating patients with UC and CAC.

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Dynamics of Gut Microbiota after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis: Success Linked to Control of Prevotellaceae.

The success of FMT treatment of UC patients appears to be associated with specific gut microbiota families, such as control of Prevotellaceae. Monitoring the dynamics of these microbial families could potentially be used to inform treatment success early during FMT.

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Eicosatetraynoic Acid Regulates Pro-Fibrotic Pathways in an Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Macrophage:Human Intestinal Organoid Model of Crohn's Disease.

ETYA inhibits pro-fibrotic effects of LPS-primed macrophages upon co-cultured HIO. This model may be used in future untargeted screens for small molecules to treat refractory CD.

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Integrin αVß6 - autoantigen and driver of epithelial remodeling in colon and bile ducts in primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease.

Anti- αVβ6 frequently occur in patients suffering from PSC, especially in PSC-IBD. Anti- αVß6 levels positively correlate to IBD activity in PSC-IBD, but may also occur in the absence of clinically manifest IBD in PSC.

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Nested Randomized Controlled Trials in Large Databases: An Opportunity for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

This review also details caveats of this study design that include the risk of selection bias and constraints related to comparisons with placebo. In conclusion, RCTsNC offers a promising opportunity IBD research given the challenges of the current IBD RCT landscape.

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Novel Microbial Engraftment Trajectories following Microbiota Transplantation Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis.

We identified engrafting taxa from donors in our patients as well as quantified the proportion of donor similarity or engraftment during weeks one through eight (active treatment) and week 12, four weeks after the last dose. SourceTracker can be used as a simple and reliable method to quantify donor microbial community engraftment and donor taxa contribution in patients with ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory conditions treated with microbiota transplant therapy.

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Pharmacological inhibition of N-Acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA) mitigates intestinal fibrosis through modulation of macrophage activity.

Our findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of intestinal fibrosis and identify NAAA as a promising target for the development of therapeutic treatments to alleviate CD fibrosis.

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The GETAID: 40 years of a family story in IBD.

This approach very innovative has contributed to the advancement of knowledge in inflammatory bowel diseases by publishing more than 120 original articles in peer-reviewed journals throughout the GETAID 40-year history, most of them in top publications in gastroenterology and hepatology journals. In this paper, we will see what GETAID's contribution has been over the last four decades, review reasons for success and forthcoming challenges.

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Liver Transpl

A multicenter study of the risk of major bleeding in patients with and without cirrhosis undergoing percutaneous liver procedures.

In this cohort, major bleeding after percutaneous liver procedure occurred in <1% of patients, making it a low-risk procedure for patients with and without cirrhosis. Although not uniformly adopted, the current transfusion protocol still led to unnecessary blood product administration.

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Adverse effects of graft congestion and ameliorative effects of hepatocyte growth factor after liver transplantation in rats.

Thus, congested areas in liver grafts may negatively impact recipients. Short-term administration of hepatocyte growth factor may improve postoperative outcomes of recipients with graft congestion and contribute to more effective use of liver grafts (approval number: MedKyo-23137, Institutional Ethics Committee/Kyoto University).

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Safety of acamprosate for alcohol use disorder Post-Liver transplant: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

In this pilot study, preliminary data suggests that acamprosate may be safe and feasible. These data can inform larger studies and clinician efforts to address alcohol use disorder in post-LT care. (ClinicalTrials.gov, Number NCT06471686).

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Pancreatology

HTF4 modulates the transcription of GID2 to promote the malignant biological behavior of pancreatic cancer.

Our findings suggest that the HTF4/GID2 axis accelerates the progression of pancreatic cancer, providing a potential therapeutic target and prognostic indicator for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients.

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The tumor immune microenvironment in resected treatment-naive pancreatic cancer patients with long-term survival.

In this study, we delved into the TIME with metatranscriptomics and IF staining analyses to understand the prerequisite of prolonged survival in PDAC patients. In LTS, several biological pathways were overexpressed, and specific microbiomes were identified. Furthermore, apparent differences in driven immune factors were found that provide valuable insights into developing new treatment strategies.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Am J Clin Nutr

Nutrition education in medical training: it's always been a matter of trust.

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The quest to optimize management of severe childhood malnutrition globally.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Refining the Understanding of Cannabis Impact on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outcomes: Recommendations for Enhanced Research and Healthcare Practices.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Inflamm Bowel Dis

Combined Advanced Targeted Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: An Extensive Update.

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Low Placental Transfer Rates of Risankizumab Among Pregnant Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

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Liver Transpl

CON: Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure should not be offered MELD exception points.

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Mapping out a medication adherence promotion system (MAPS): can it reduce graft rejection in pediatric liver transplantation?

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Minimization of tacrolimus in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: It is never too early.

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PRO: Patients with Acute-On-Chronic liver failure should receive MELD exception points.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Am J Clin Nutr

A negative trial on the effect of spirulina in COVID-19 patients or a positive trial for the scientific community?

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Assessing cardiovascular disease risk with waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage: insights and future directions.

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Letter: Re: Famine in Gaza.

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Pancreatology

Gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneursym in Carcinoma Pancreas post SBRT.

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Letter to the editor to ''morbidity and mortality in patients with stage IV pancreatic adenocarcinoma and acute cholangitis: Outcomes and risk prognostication''.

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